Review of building carbon emission calculation models in context of carbon neutrality

In response to global climate change, the Chinese government has set a target of reaching a peak in carbon dioxide emissions around 2030 and striving to be carbon neutrality by 2060. Building carbon emission control is the key to reduce emission. In the context of carbon neutrality, it is imperative for countries to develop carbon reduction routes that cover building energy consumption and carbon emission calculation models. The basic methods of building carbon emission calculation models can be divided into the top-down method and the bottom-up method. Invert/EE-Lab, ECCABS, RE-BUILDS, CoreBee, Scout, BLUES and ELENA are the main models used in the calculation of building carbon emissions in Europe and America. Combined with the scenario analysis, the models can predict the carbon emission trends of different countries and give appropriate carbon reduction measures. Through proactive policies, carbon emissions from buildings in China could peak around 2030. The CBCEM model is used to explore the control path of building carbon emissions in China, and proposes the corresponding carbon reduction route. In the process of accelerating urbanization, China needs to control floor area and building energy consumption coordinately, and optimize the energy mix and industrial structure, in order to achieve the goal of “carbon peak by 2030 and carbon neutrality by 2060”.